The article is devoted to the generalization of the results of scientific research on topical issues of personnel development in a modern organization in the context of Russian and foreign discourse.

   The purpose of this publication is to expand and deepen the understanding of the basic concepts of personnel development through a critical assessment of its existing imperatives.

   The results of the study made it possible to update the basic concept of personnel development in the following areas: the impact of the globalization of the labor market and increased competition between organizations for leadership in the economic space on the strategic vision and integration of personnel development with the overall business strategy of the organization, the dialectical unity and interpenetration of complementary processes of its diversification and inclusiveness, the perception of differences in human resources as a core object and organizational culture of development.

   The study examines the relationship between the competencies, roles and structures of the planning system to ensure centralized end-to-end planning in the machine-building holdings of the Russian Federation, including enterprises of single-unit and small-scale production. An understanding of the end-to-end planning competencies management as part of the industrial holding planning developing process is proposed and their transformation determined factors are identified (the processes of informatization and digitalization, the necessity of functioning the holding unified end-to-end planning system, the relationship between financial and production planning, etc.). Using the example of two machine-building holdings, planning systems are considered within the framework of the formation of an end-to-end planning system and the corresponding changes in competencies. Taking into account the main competencies and responsibilities of planners, approaches to calculating the number of planning services are proposed. The obtained qualitative and quantitative effects from the centralized management of planning competencies in holdings are presented. Directions for further research are proposed, taking into account the trends in the digitalization of the planning and production system.

   The aim of the studies to identify ways to enhance technological development in Russia, elaborate on recommendations on how to increase creative activity in the process of invention and innovation.

   Using the methods of comparisons and analogies, as well as subject-object approach, the concept of technological development and technological sovereignty were clarified with respect to target and temporal aspects. In addition, the connection between innovation and technological leadership, ways of increasing employee`s motivation to achieve national development goals were demonstrated.

   The Belt and Road Initiative is a large – scale project aimed at developing international economic integration and modernizing transport routes. The authors conducted a cluster analysis of 4,788 articles discussing the initiative using the VOSviewer program. The research examined Russia’s potential participation in the project, the prospects for realizing its transit potential, and the competition with alternative Eurasian freight routes. Using the PROSTOR transport model, a transport network was built, comprising 16 nodes and 21 links, forming four distinct routes from China to Europe via Russian territory and waters, as well as two alternative routes. Scenario analysis of traffic flows identified the conditions under which pro-Russian routes become the most preferable for shippers. The research results can be useful for developing state transport and foreign economic policy, for logistics operators servicing Asia-Europe routes, as well as for investors in the transport sector.

   The article examines the issues of regulating internal migration in Russia; to what extent they are set out in the federal and regional editions of the Concept of Migration Policy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025. The author’s analysis of these regulatory documents shows a weak representation of tasks and measures in the field of domestic migration. In the author’s opinion, the development of an effective migration policy in modern Russia requires closer attention to the regulation of internal migration.

   The effectiveness of demographic policy in Russia is decreasing due to the fact that the state helps married couples who already have at least one child, but does not stimulate marriage. The average number of children among married mothers has increased somewhat. But this positive trend was offset by the mass postponement of marriage, which led to an increase in the proportion of unmarried and childless people. It is necessary to develop housing construction programs intended not only for sale, but also for rent, so that spouses can live separately from their parents immediately after the wedding. This can contribute to an earlier first marriage and the birth of first children. In addition, the media and educational institutions should form social norms in Russian society according to which it is better to have a friendly, albeit poor, family with children than to be rich but single or childless.

   The study of student dropout is an urgent issue, but insufficiently researched. To study the problems of the “non-academic impulse” in the theoretical part of the work, several indicators reflecting the possibility of student dropout are highlighted. The first indicator is the insufficient level of basic (pre–university) training and the discrepancy between the level of training of a school graduate and the requirements of a higher education institution. The second indicator is the discrepancy between the education profile and the interests, needs and abilities of students. The third indicator is low adaptation to the educational environment of the university. The fourth indicator is the personal characteristics of students, which manifest themselves in social and psychological aspects. The fifth indicator is the financial capabilities of students. The sixth indicator of student dropout is their active lifestyle, participation in social projects, and volunteering. The empirical part of the paper presents the results of a sociological study of Novosibirsk university students in 2025 and a survey of teachers. The selected indicators were verified on two groups of students: those who had dropped out and those who were continuing their studies. It was revealed that students who continue their studies experience the same difficulties as those who have been expelled. The key role is played by the social attitude of self-reliance; adaptive behavior, which determines resistance to stress; self-efficacy and the internal locus of control. An important role is played by social and cultural capital, which keeps students from dropping out. The conclusion is made about the need to pay attention to the awareness of choosing a university and specialty. The information obtained as a result of the study can be useful in planning the activities of universities for the safety of the contingent.

   This paper examines the sustainability of critical information infrastructure in the context of dependence on foreign hardware and software suppliers, the impact of sanctions on the development of digital transformation in Russian industries, and demonstrates opportunities for import substitution. Regarding economic aspects, it analyzes the impact of import substitution objectives on Russian companies’ expenses and examines key challenges. The paper summarizes conceptual methodological approaches to developing import substitution strategies, taking into account the need to ensure the sustainability of critical information infrastructure.

   The article focuses on the task of optimizing the workload of instructors involved in digital learning by automating processes related to exchanging emails with students. In particular, it presents a novel module for automatic analysis of text messages using machine learning methods.

   We propose a special deep neural network architecture adapted to the unique characteristics of student text messages.

   The system consists of a bidirectional recurrent neural network, an attention mechanism, and a dense output layer. We develop a module that successfully processes incoming emails from students, classifies them, and forwards them to the appropriate section of the forum located on the learning platform. The module also automatically generates answers to the most frequently asked questions. We demonstrate that the module helps significantly improve the pedagogical activity and reduces the time spent on responding to students’ emails. Using the module decreases the instructor’s workload and improves the students’ academic performance.

   The article examines the impact of socio-economic, institutional, and demographic factors on the level of cryptocurrency adoption worldwide. As the outcome indicator, the Global Crypto Adoption Index (2024) was used, covering 48 countries with the highest index values. The study applies principal component analysis to reduce the dimensionality of variables and to identify key latent factors: institutional and technological development, economic potential, quality of life, and socio-demographic profile. Based on cluster analysis, groups of countries with different models of cryptocurrency adoption were identified. The results show that in developed countries cryptocurrency adoption follows an investment-oriented model, in transitional economies it is constrained by institutional limitations, while in crisis economies it performs a compensatory function. The findings have practical significance for shaping national strategies of digital transformation and regulating the cryptocurrency sector.

   This article examines the role of taxes in shaping and stimulating a circular economy. Particular attention is paid to the regulatory function of taxes. Tax regulation mechanisms aimed at reducing resource consumption and minimizing negative environmental impacts are examined. Fiscal policy instruments, such as differentiated taxation and special incentives, are analyzed to support enterprises implementing sustainable development and resource conservation principles.

   This article examines the risk factors in the external and internal environments of corporations, identifies the features of a new stage in the development of industry markets associated with “asset management capitalism”, and reveals the specifics of algorithmic risk management strategies used by global investment market leaders, revealing the advantages and limitations of these risk management strategies for large companies.